Same situation. I get it. But not able to relate to it personally. The term I use consistently for it is 'cryptanalysis'. I have done it for some very simple ciphers. But I don't remember using the term 'codebreaking' to describe it. I have also done 'decoding' in some cases. But those didn't have anything to do with ciphers or encryption.

There is a possibility that most people pick up those ideas from their everyday language, while I got mine from formal education (English isn't my first language, though my proficiency in English is higher than for my first language). Either that or I completely forgot those terms at some point in my life and got replaced with the formal terms instead. (It's a slightly puzzling personal peculiarity.)

There's nothing wrong with these terms, its just that in popular conversation, the "secret" code usage would be quite common. For instance I just googled "enigma machine documentary" and I've seen around twenty separate occurrences of "code" and only a single "cipher".

Yes. It's probably my personal peculiarity due to the way I originally learned and practiced it. Though, I wonder how it is for full-time practitioners of crypto design/analysis. Many of the terms are loaded and you've to be pretty careful about what you express and interpret.