I also think it is useful to focus on understanding the various experiments that have led to the different color models. The most important one is the experiments that led to CIE XYZ. Lecture notes from universities seem like one of the best sources of info about the basics. Such as this: https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/teaching/1516/AdvGraph/02_Light_and...
Other experiments that are interesting, but a bit hard to find information about are:
The Munsell renotation effort in the 1940s, the experiments that led to OSA-UCS, the MacAdam ellipses.
Or you can buy an introductory color science book or two. Let me recommend Mark Fairchild's Color Appearance Models, https://www.amazon.com/dp/1119967031/ but here are a few others https://www.amazon.com/dp/1119367220 https://www.amazon.com/dp/0470024259 https://www.amazon.com/dp/1118173848/ https://www.amazon.com/dp/0470049049