By exceptions, I’m referring to languages with exceptions as a dedicated language construct with automatic stack unwinding, and preferably without UB (e.g. Java or C#). Rust doesn’t have exceptions in that sense.
But panics in rust are pretty much exceptions though?
The differences are they are actually meant to be used for exceptional situations ("assert violated => there's a bug in this program" or "out of memory, catastrophic runtime situation") and they are not typed (rather, the panic holds a type erased payload).
Other than that, it performs unwinding without UB, and is catchable[0]. I'm not seeing the technical difference?
Glad to be of service. Note that the idiomatic error handling in rust is still Result based rather than panic/catch_unwind based.
Nevertheless a long living application like, e.g., a webserver will catch panics coming from its subtasks (e.g., its request handlers) via catch_unwind
